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The White Buffalo Calf Woman

A Lakota telling · a storybook in 5 pages

As Lakota tradition-bearers tell it, a sacred woman gave the people a pipe and rites, then became a white buffalo calf. One telling among several.

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Two hunters

One showed respect.

As the tradition tells it, a sacred woman appeared to two hunters. One looked at her with disrespect and was struck down; the other honored her, and was sent home to prepare his people for what she carried.

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The gift

A pipe, and rites.

She gave the people a sacred pipe and taught seven rites for how to live and pray. Some tellings, including the one Black Elk gave in 1947, describe those rites in full; here, only that they were given.

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Becoming the calf

Then she was gone.

Her teaching finished, the tradition holds, she walked away and, as she went, became a white buffalo calf. Tellings differ on the details of how.

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Carried forward

The pipe, still kept.

The pipe is still held today, passed down through named keepers. Arvol Looking Horse, its nineteenth-generation keeper, has spoken about the covenant publicly, as Black Elk and others did before him.

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A sign, some say

Born white, in 1994.

In 1994 a white buffalo calf named Miracle was born on a Wisconsin farm. Many took it, alongside later white calves, as a sign that the covenant still holds.

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Before you go
If you want to talk about this with someone:
  • What would it mean to receive a gift that comes with lasting obligations?
  • How should an outsider listen to a story that belongs to someone else?
Where this comes from
As told by Black Elk to Joseph Epes Brown in 'The Sacred Pipe' (1953), and as Chief Arvol Looking Horse, 19th-generation keeper of the pipe, has spoken of it publicly. One telling among several.
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